:root {
  --color-bg: #e6e0db;
  --color-surface: #f7f5f3;
  --color-text: #1f2933;
  --color-muted: #5b6470;
  --color-faint: #8a929d;
  --color-accent: #1e5b8c;
  --color-accent-hover: #143f63;
  --color-tag-bg: #eef4fb;
  --color-tag-text: #1e5b8c;
  --color-border: #cfc6bf;
  --color-border-soft: #ddd5cf;
  --font-sans: "Source Sans 3", -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
  --font-serif: "Source Serif 4", "Iowan Old Style", "Apple Garamond", "Baskerville", "Times New Roman", serif;
  --radius: 4px;
  --max-width: 1080px;
}

* { box-sizing: border-box; }

html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; }

body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--color-bg);
  color: var(--color-text);
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
}

a {
  color: var(--color-accent);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 120ms ease;
}
a:hover { color: var(--color-accent-hover); text-decoration: underline; }

h1, h2, h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.3;
  color: #14202b;
}
h1 { font-size: 2.1rem; margin: 0 0 0.5rem; }
h2 { font-size: 1.5rem; margin: 2.2rem 0 0.8rem; }
h3 { font-size: 1.15rem; margin: 0 0 0.35rem; }
p  { margin: 0 0 1rem; }

.container {
  max-width: var(--max-width);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 1.5rem;
}

/* -------- Top bar / nav -------- */
.topbar {
  background: var(--color-surface);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-soft);
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 50;
  backdrop-filter: saturate(180%) blur(6px);
}
.topbar-inner {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  height: 64px;
  gap: 1.5rem;
}
.brand {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 1.15rem;
  color: var(--color-text);
}
.brand:hover { text-decoration: none; color: var(--color-accent); }

.primary-nav {
  display: flex;
  gap: 1.25rem;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
}
.primary-nav-right { margin-left: auto; }
.primary-nav > a,
.primary-nav > .nav-item > .nav-dropdown-trigger {
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  padding: 0.35rem 0;
  border-bottom: 2px solid transparent;
  background: none;
  border-top: none;
  border-left: none;
  border-right: none;
  font-family: inherit;
  cursor: pointer;
  line-height: 1.4;
}
.primary-nav > a:hover,
.primary-nav > .nav-item > .nav-dropdown-trigger:hover { color: var(--color-accent); text-decoration: none; }
.primary-nav > a.active,
.primary-nav > .nav-item.active > .nav-dropdown-trigger {
  color: var(--color-accent);
  border-bottom-color: var(--color-accent);
}

/* -------- Dropdown -------- */
.nav-item.nav-dropdown { position: relative; }
.nav-dropdown-trigger {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.3rem;
}
.nav-chevron {
  display: inline-block;
  font-size: 0.7rem;
  transition: transform 150ms ease;
  margin-top: 1px;
}
.nav-dropdown:hover .nav-chevron,
.nav-dropdown:focus-within .nav-chevron { transform: rotate(180deg); }

.nav-dropdown-menu {
  position: absolute;
  top: calc(100% + 4px);
  left: 0;
  background: var(--color-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border-soft);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0.4rem 0;
  min-width: 180px;
  box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(20, 32, 43, 0.10);
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  transform: translateY(-4px);
  transition: opacity 140ms ease, transform 140ms ease, visibility 140ms;
  z-index: 100;
}
.nav-dropdown:hover .nav-dropdown-menu,
.nav-dropdown:focus-within .nav-dropdown-menu {
  opacity: 1;
  visibility: visible;
  transform: translateY(0);
}
.nav-dropdown-menu li { margin: 0; }
.nav-dropdown-menu a {
  display: block;
  padding: 0.45rem 1rem;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
  border-bottom: none;
  border-left: 2px solid transparent;
}
.nav-dropdown-menu a:hover,
.nav-dropdown-menu a.active {
  color: var(--color-accent);
  background: var(--color-tag-bg);
  border-left-color: var(--color-accent);
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* -------- Two-column trestles-style layout -------- */
.layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 380px minmax(0, 1fr) 180px;
  gap: 2.5rem;
  padding-top: 3rem;
  padding-bottom: 4rem;
  align-items: start;
  max-width: 1280px;
}

.sidebar {
  position: sticky;
  top: 96px;
}

.page-toc {
  position: sticky;
  top: 96px;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  max-height: calc(100vh - 120px);
  overflow-y: auto;
}
.page-toc-heading {
  font-family: var(--font-sans);
  font-size: 0.74rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.07em;
  color: var(--color-faint);
  font-weight: 600;
  margin: 0 0 0.55rem;
  padding-bottom: 0.4rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-soft);
}
.page-toc ul {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
}
.page-toc li { margin: 0.1rem 0; }
.page-toc a {
  display: block;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  padding: 0.28rem 0 0.28rem 0.7rem;
  margin-left: -0.7rem;
  border-left: 2px solid transparent;
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  line-height: 1.4;
  transition: color 120ms ease, border-color 120ms ease;
}
.page-toc a:hover {
  color: var(--color-accent);
  border-left-color: var(--color-accent);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.profile-card {
  background: var(--color-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border-soft);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  padding: 2rem 1.5rem 1.75rem;
  text-align: center;
}

.profile-photo {
  display: block;
  width: 200px;
  height: 200px;
  margin: 0 auto 1.1rem;
  border-radius: 50%;
  object-fit: cover;
  background: #f1ede5;
  box-shadow: 0 4px 14px rgba(30, 91, 140, 0.18);
}

.profile-name {
  margin: 0 0 0.25rem;
  font-size: 1.4rem;
}
.profile-role {
  margin: 0 0 1.25rem;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-size: 0.92rem;
}

.social-links {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 1rem 0 0;
  padding: 1rem 0 0;
  text-align: left;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border-soft);
}
.social-links li { margin: 0.45rem 0; }
.social-links a,
.social-links .contact-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.7rem;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  padding: 0.3rem 0;
}
.social-links a:hover { color: var(--color-accent); text-decoration: none; }
.social-links svg { flex-shrink: 0; opacity: 0.85; }
.social-links .contact-item {
  user-select: text;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

/* -------- Main content -------- */
.content > section { margin-bottom: 1.5rem; }
.content h2:first-child { margin-top: 0; }

.intro p {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.08rem;
  color: #2a3744;
}

/* What I do grid */
.grid { display: grid; gap: 1rem; }
.grid-2x2 { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); }

.card {
  background: var(--color-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border-soft);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  padding: 1.25rem 1.25rem 1rem;
  transition: border-color 150ms ease, transform 150ms ease;
}
.card:hover {
  border-color: var(--color-border);
  transform: translateY(-1px);
}
.card h3 { font-family: var(--font-sans); font-size: 1.02rem; font-weight: 600; }
.card p { font-size: 0.95rem; color: var(--color-muted); margin-bottom: 0.6rem; }
.card-link {
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  font-weight: 500;
}

/* Highlights list */
.highlight-list { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.highlight-list li {
  padding: 0.85rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-soft);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
  column-gap: 0.85rem;
  row-gap: 0.15rem;
  align-items: baseline;
}
.highlight-list li:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
.highlight-list a {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-size: 1.02rem;
  font-weight: 600;
}
.highlight-list .meta {
  grid-column: 2;
  color: var(--color-faint);
  font-size: 0.86rem;
}
.tag {
  display: inline-block;
  background: var(--color-tag-bg);
  color: var(--color-tag-text);
  font-size: 0.72rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: 0.18rem 0.5rem;
  border-radius: 999px;
  white-space: nowrap;
  align-self: center;
}

/* -------- Single-column page layout (publications/op-eds/newsletter) -------- */
.page {
  max-width: 760px;
  padding-top: 3rem;
  padding-bottom: 4rem;
}

/* Two-column inner page with TOC sidebar */
.page-with-toc {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 180px;
  gap: 3rem;
  max-width: 1080px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 3rem 1.5rem 4rem;
  align-items: start;
}
.page-with-toc > .page-content { min-width: 0; }
.page-with-toc > .page-toc { padding-top: 0.5rem; }
.page-header { margin-bottom: 2rem; }
.page-header h1 { font-size: 2.4rem; }
.page-header .subtitle {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  margin: 0.25rem 0 0;
}

.page-figure {
  margin: 0 0 2rem;
  text-align: center;
}
.page-figure img {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  box-shadow: 0 6px 24px rgba(20, 32, 43, 0.10);
}
.page-figure-small img {
  max-width: 360px;
  width: 100%;
}

.pub-section { margin-bottom: 2.5rem; }
.pub-section h2 {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-soft);
  padding-bottom: 0.4rem;
}

.pub-list { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0; }
.pub-list li {
  padding: 1rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-soft);
}
.pub-list li:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
.pub-list.compact li { padding: 0.45rem 0; }
.pub-list h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  line-height: 1.4;
  margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
}
.pub-meta {
  color: var(--color-faint);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  margin: 0.15rem 0 0.5rem;
}
.pub-summary {
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-size: 0.97rem;
  margin: 0.3rem 0 0;
}

.cta { margin: 1.25rem 0 0.5rem; }
.btn {
  display: inline-block;
  background: var(--color-accent);
  color: #fff;
  padding: 0.65rem 1.1rem;
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}
.btn:hover {
  background: var(--color-accent-hover);
  color: #fff;
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* -------- Writing list (op-eds, newsletter editions, blogs) -------- */
.writing-list {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
}
.writing-list li {
  padding: 0.95rem 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--color-border-soft);
}
.writing-list li:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
.writing-date {
  display: block;
  color: var(--color-faint);
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  margin-bottom: 0.22rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}
.writing-list h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 1.06rem;
  line-height: 1.4;
  margin: 0;
}
.writing-list h3 a { color: var(--color-text); }
.writing-list h3 a:hover { color: var(--color-accent); }

.callout {
  background: var(--color-tag-bg);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--color-accent);
  padding: 0.85rem 1.1rem;
  border-radius: 0 var(--radius) var(--radius) 0;
  margin: 0 0 2rem;
  color: var(--color-text);
  font-size: 0.97rem;
}

/* -------- Timeline (fellowships) -------- */
.timeline {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0;
  position: relative;
}
.timeline::before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 96px;
  top: 0.6rem;
  bottom: 0.6rem;
  width: 2px;
  background: var(--color-border-soft);
}
.timeline-item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 96px 1fr;
  gap: 1.75rem;
  margin-bottom: 2.25rem;
  position: relative;
}
.timeline-item:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }

.timeline-date {
  text-align: right;
  padding-right: 1.5rem;
  padding-top: 0.4rem;
  position: relative;
}
.timeline-date::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  right: -7px;
  top: 0.85rem;
  width: 14px;
  height: 14px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--color-surface);
  border: 3px solid var(--color-accent);
  z-index: 1;
}
.timeline-item.highlight .timeline-date::after {
  background: var(--color-accent);
  box-shadow: 0 0 0 4px rgba(30, 91, 140, 0.12);
}
.timeline-date .year {
  display: block;
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 1.35rem;
  color: var(--color-text);
  line-height: 1.1;
}
.timeline-date .month {
  display: block;
  font-size: 0.82rem;
  color: var(--color-faint);
  margin-top: 0.15rem;
}

.timeline-content {
  background: var(--color-surface);
  border: 1px solid var(--color-border-soft);
  border-radius: var(--radius);
  padding: 1rem 1.25rem 1.1rem;
}
.timeline-content h3 {
  font-family: var(--font-serif);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  margin: 0.45rem 0 0.25rem;
  line-height: 1.35;
}
.timeline-content .timeline-meta {
  color: var(--color-faint);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  margin: 0 0 0.65rem;
}
.timeline-content p {
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-size: 0.97rem;
  margin: 0.35rem 0 0;
}
.timeline-content .tag + .tag { margin-left: 0.4rem; }

.tag-award {
  background: #fbecd0;
  color: #7a5300;
}

.plain-list {
  list-style: disc;
  padding-left: 1.25rem;
  margin: 0.6rem 0 0;
  color: var(--color-muted);
  font-size: 0.97rem;
}
.plain-list li { margin: 0.2rem 0; }

/* -------- Footer -------- */
.site-footer {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--color-border-soft);
  background: var(--color-surface);
  color: var(--color-faint);
  font-size: 0.88rem;
  padding: 1.5rem 0;
  margin-top: 2rem;
}
.site-footer p { margin: 0; }

/* -------- Responsive -------- */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
  .layout { grid-template-columns: 360px minmax(0, 1fr); }
  .layout > .page-toc { display: none; }
  .page-with-toc { grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr); max-width: 760px; }
  .page-with-toc > .page-toc { display: none; }
}

@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .layout {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 2rem;
    padding-top: 2rem;
  }
  .sidebar { position: static; }
  .profile-card { max-width: 380px; margin: 0 auto; }
  .grid-2x2 { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .topbar-inner { height: auto; padding: 0.6rem 0; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 0.6rem; }
  .primary-nav { gap: 0.9rem; }
  h1 { font-size: 1.7rem; }
  .page-header h1 { font-size: 1.9rem; }
}

@media (max-width: 600px) {
  .timeline::before { left: 8px; }
  .timeline-item {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 0.5rem;
  }
  .timeline-date {
    text-align: left;
    padding-right: 0;
    padding-left: 1.75rem;
    padding-top: 0;
  }
  .timeline-date::after {
    left: 1px;
    right: auto;
    top: 0.4rem;
  }
  .timeline-date .year { font-size: 1.1rem; display: inline; }
  .timeline-date .month { display: inline; margin-left: 0.5rem; }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  body { font-size: 16px; }
  .container { padding: 0 1rem; }
  .highlight-list li { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .highlight-list .meta { grid-column: 1; }
  .tag { justify-self: start; }
}